Abandonment at Sea: Legal and Humanitarian Challenges Facing Indian Seafarers in Middle Eastern Ports

Deependra Singh Bisen*

The abandonment of seafarers is a critical humanitarian and legal crisis in the maritime sector, marked by prolonged detentions, unpaid wages, and psychological distress. This research paper focuses on the plight of Indian seafarers abandoned in Middle Eastern ports, examining the systemic, legal, and enforcement-related gaps that perpetuate such violations. Drawing on the Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 (as amended), and other international instruments, this study analyses the obligations of flag States, port States, and shipowners to safeguard seafarers\u2019 rights. The paper critically explores case studies involving abandoned Indian crews, revealing the inefficiencies in enforcement mechanisms and the urgent need for coordinated international responses. Key issues such as inadequate financial security, lack of awareness among seafarers, and weak port State interventions are addressed. The findings underscore the importance of stronger compliance measures, enhanced repatriation frameworks, and institutional accountability. The study concludes with recommendations for policy reform, improved monitoring, and the empowerment of seafarers through legal literacy and international cooperation. By situating the crisis within the broader context of maritime labour law, the research offers a path forward to protect the dignity and rights of those who sustain global shipping.

Keywords: Seafarer abandonment, Maritime Labour Convention 2006, Flag State responsibility, Port State control, Maritime labour rights, Repatriation of seafarers

*Deputy Director General (MSL), Directorate General of Shipping; singh.deependra@gov.in
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